Kuchumana Kwe-Modbus: Sihluthulelo Sekwakha Emanethiwekhi Etimboni Langenamthungo

mhla tinge-2024

Kubuka konkhe

Modbus yi protocol levame kusetjentiswa emkhakheni wetimboni, yakhiwa nga 1979 kuniketa emandla ekukhulumisana emkhatsini wetintfo letisebenta ngekuzenzakalela. Modbus ekucaleni yasetjentiswa njengendlela yekusebenta yelizinga lesicelo yekudlulisela idatha ngesendlalelo se-serial, futsi nyalo ingaphindze yandziswe kutsi isetjentiswe nge-serial, TCP / IP, kanye ne-User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Lombhalo uniketa inchazelo lejulile yekucala kusebenta kwephrothokholi. Sitfombe 4kdn

Yini iphrothokholi yeModbus?

Modbus yi protocol yekuphendvula sicelo lephunyeleliswa ngebudlelwane be-master-slave. Ebudlelwaneni benkhosi-sigcili, kukhulumisana kuhlala kwenteka ngababili (intfo kumele icale sicelo bese ilindza imphendvulo), bese intfo lecelako (intfo lenkhulu) inesibopho sekucala kusebentisana ngamunye. Ngalokuvamile, idivayisi leyinhloko yi-interface yebantfu-nemshini (HMI) noma luhlelo lwekugadza nekutfola idatha (SCADA), kantsi idivayisi yesibili tinzwa, balawuli be-logic labahlelekako (plcs), noma balawuli labasebenta ngekuzenzakalela labahlelekako (ema-PAC). Lokucuketfwe nguleticelo netimphendvulo, kanye nelucwencwe lwenethiwekhi lolutfumela lemilayeto, kuchazwa ngelucwencwe lolwehlukene lwephrothokholi.

Ngumaphi emadivayisi lasekela iphrothokholi yeModbus?

I-Modbus protocol isekelwa kakhulu ngetintfo tekusebenta, kufaka ekhatsi balawuli be-logic labahlelekako (ema-PLC), emayunithi e-terminal lakhashane (ema-RTU), tinzwa, ema-actuators, tindlela tekusebentisana tebantfu nemshini (ema-HMI), kanye naletinye tinhlobo letinyenti tetintfo tekusebenta ngekuzenzakalela kwetimboni kanye netinsimu tetimboni. Litiko Lekulawula Tinchubo. Modbus isetjentiswa kakhulu futsi seyibe lizinga le-de facto lekusebentisana emkhatsini wetintfo letikhicitwa bakhiciti labehlukahlukene emikhakheni lefana nekukhicita, emandla, kutfutsa, kanye nekwakha ngekuzenzakalela.

Modbus isango yidivayisi legucula iphrothokholi yekuchumana lesetjentiswa ngema-hubs enethiwekhi yeluhlelo lwekuzenzakalela lwetimboni. Ikhulumisana nemadivayisi lahlakaniphile, ibutsela ndzawonye idatha kusuka kumadivayisi lasesigabeni lesiphansi bese iyayidlulisela esangweni le-Modbus, isungule kuchumana nenethiwekhi yekhompyutha lengetulu, futsi yenta i-Modbus protocol nemakhompyutha enethiwekhi.

Imodi yekuchumana yeModbus

I-Modbus protocol inetindlela letintsatfu letiyinhloko tekuchumana:

lRTU (Iyunithi Yetheminali Lekhashane)

lASCII (Ikhodi Lejwayelekile YaseMelika Yekushintjanisa Lwati)

lTCP/IP (Indlela Yekulawula Kudluliswa/Indlela Yekusebentisa Inthanethi)

Kuphrothokholi yeModbus, iModbus TCP neModbus RTU tindlela letimbili tekuchumana letivame kakhulu. Noma bonkhe baklanyelwe kwenta kube lula kushintjana ngemininingwane emkhatsini wemadivayisi, kunemehluko lomkhulu etindleleni tabo tekucala kusebenta kanye netindzawo tekusebenta.

Indlela yekuchumana kanye nesivinini

I-Modbus TCP isebentisa imfumba ye-TCP/IP protocol yekudluliswa kwemininingwane ngetulu kwemanethiwekhi, yetsembele kusakhiwonchanti senethiwekhi njenge-Ethernet kute kuzuzwe kudluliswa kwemininingwane ngesivinini lesikhulu nangesilinganiso lesikhulu.

I-Modbus RTU, ngakulolunye luhlangotsi, idlulisela idatha ngemigca ye-serial lefana ne-RS-485 ne-RS-232, lenesivinini sekudlulisa lesihamba kancane. Kudluliselwa kwemininingwane kanye netindzawo tekusebenta.

Modbus RTU encapsulates emafreyimu idatha ngendlela ye-binary lencane, kufaka ekhatsi emasimu ekheli, emakhodi emsebenti, idatha, kanye nemasimu e-checksum. Lefomethi idluliselwa kahle ngendlela ye-binary, kwenta kutsi ifaneleke kakhulu kusetjentiswa kwekulawula ngesikhatsi sangempela noma kwendzawo, ikakhulukati etindzaweni letite sakhiwonchanti senethiwekhi lesikhona, njengetindzawo tekusebenta ngekuzenzakalela kwetimboni, tinhlelo letifakwe ngaphakathi, emanethiwekhi etinzwa, kanye netinhlelo tekulawula letincane.

Modbus TCP, ngakulolunye luhlangotsi, igucula byte ngayinye yedatha kanambambili ibe yintfo lecinile ye-hexadecimal yemadijithi lamabili, lese ihlanganiswa ndzawonye bese idluliselwa ngendlela yekhodi ye-TCP. Ngenca yekuba lula kwayo, kwetsembeka, kanye nekusebenta kahle kwetindleko letisetulu, isetjentiswa kakhulu etinhlelo letikhulu tekusebenta ngekuzenzakalela, tikhungo temininingwane, kusebenta ngekuzenzakalela kwekwakha, kanye ne-Inthanethi Yetintfo yetimboni, letidzinga emabanga lamadze ekuchumana kanye netidzingo letisetulu tesikhatsi sangempela kanye nekusimamisa tekudluliswa kwemininingwane.

Iindzawo yekufaka sicelo

Emkhakheni wekukhicita, iModbus isetjentiselwa kuhlanganisa imishini leyehlukahlukene yekukhicita kanye nekufeza kugadza ngesikhatsi sangempela kanye nekulawula inchubo yekukhicita; Emkhakheni wemandla, isetjentiselwa kulawulwa kwekutentela kwetinhlelo temandla, kufaka ekhatsi kukhicita emandla, kudluliswa, kanye netinchubo tekusabalalisa; Embonini yekutfutsa, iModbus isetjentiselwa tinhlelo tetimphawu tekuhamba ngesitimela emadolobheni, kugadza simo setimoto, njll; Emkhakheni wekwakha ngekuzenzakalela, iModbus isetjentiswa ku-HVAC, kukhanyisa, kanye netinhlelo tekuphepha etakhiweni.

Ngekutfutfukiswa kwe-Inthanethi yetimboni kanye nebuchwepheshe be-Inthanethi Yetintfo, i-Modbus iphindze futsi ihlale isungula futsi itfutfukisa kute ivumelane netimo letiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu naletishintjako tetimboni. Sibonelo, i-Modbus/TCP kancane kancane iba lizinga lelikhulu lekuchumana kwe-Ethernet yetimboni, futsi emadivayisi esango lasekelwe ku-Modbus aniketa emandla emadivayisi e-Modbus esintfu kutsi akhone kuxhumana kalula nemanethiwekhi esimanje, kwenta kutsi kugcinwe emafu kanye nekuhlatiya idatha.

Ngalokufishane, i-Modbus, njengendlela yekuchumana yetimboni levutsiwe futsi lesetjentiswa kakhulu, ibone inchubekelembili yebuchwepheshe bekusebenta ngekuzenzakalela kwetimboni futsi yabeka sisekelo lesicinile sebuhlakani betimboni besikhatsi lesitako. Ngekutfutfukiswa lokuchubekako kwetebucwepheshe, iModbus itawuchubeka nekudlala indzima lebalulekile ekushayeleni tintfo letinsha kanye netingucuko esigabeni setimboni .nobe.