Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Modbus: Te Kī ki te Hanga Whatunga Ahumahi Koreutu
Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Modbus: Te Kī ki te Hanga Whatunga Ahumahi Koreutu
Tirohanga Whānui
He kawa e whakamahia whānuitia ana a Modbus i roto i te ao ahumahi, i whakawhanakehia i te tau 1979 hei whakahohe i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i ngā taputapu aunoa. I whakatinanahia tuatahitia a Modbus hei kawa taumata tono mō te tuku raraunga mā te paparanga raupapa, ā, ināianei ka taea hoki te whakawhānui ake kia whakatinanahia mā te raupapa, TCP/IP, me te Kawa Raraunga Kaiwhakamahi (UDP). Ka whakaratohia e tēnei tuhinga he whakamārama hōhonu o te whakatinanatanga o te kawa.
He aha te kawa Modbus?
He kawa urupare tono a Modbus e whakatinanahia ana mā te hononga rangatira-pononga. I roto i te hononga rangatira-pononga, ka puta tonu te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i roto i ngā takirua (me tīmata e te taputapu he tono, kātahi ka tatari mō te whakautu), ā, ko te taputapu tono (taputapu matua) te kawenga mō te tīmata i ia taunekeneke. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te taputapu matua he atanga tangata-mīhini (HMI) he pūnaha aroturuki me te kohikohi raraunga (SCADA) rānei, ko ngā taputapu tuarua he pūoko, he kaiwhakahaere arorau ka taea te whakarite (plcs), ngā kaiwhakahaere aunoatanga ka taea te whakarite (PACs). Ko ngā ihirangi o ēnei tono me ngā urupare, tae atu ki te paparanga whatunga e tuku ana i ēnei karere, ka tautuhia e ngā paparanga rerekē o te kawa.
Ko ēhea ngā taputapu e tautoko ana i te kawa Modbus?
E tautokona whānuitia ana te kawa Modbus e ngā taputapu, tae atu ki ngā kaiwhakahaere arorau ka taea te whakarite (PLC), ngā waeine taunga mamao (RTU), ngā pūoko, ngā kaiwhakaoho, ngā atanga tangata-mīhini (HMI), me te maha atu o ngā momo taputapu i roto i te aunoatanga ahumahi me ngā mara ahumahi. Tari Whakahaere Tukanga. E whakamahia whānuitia ana a Modbus, ā, kua noho hei paerewa tūturu mō te mahi tahi i waenga i ngā taputapu i hangaia e ngā kaihanga maha i roto i ngā mara pēnei i te hanga, te pūngao, te kawe waka, me te aunoatanga whare.
Ko te keti Modbus he taputapu e huri ana i te kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e whakamahia ana e ngā pokapū whatunga pūnaha aunoatanga ahumahi. Ka whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki ngā taputapu atamai, ka kohi raraunga mai i ngā taputapu taumata iti ka tuku atu ki te keti Modbus, ka whakatū hononga ki te whatunga rorohiko o runga, ā, ka whakahaere i te kawa Modbus me ngā rorohiko whatunga.
Aratau whakawhitiwhiti Modbus
E toru ngā momo whakawhitiwhiti kōrero matua o te kawa Modbus:
lRTU (Wāhanga Pūnaha Mamao)
lASCII (Waehere Paerewa o Amerika mō te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero)
lTCP/IP (Kawa Whakahaere Tuku/Kawa Ipurangi)
I roto i te kawa Modbus, ko te Modbus TCP me te Modbus RTU ngā tikanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e rua e tino kitea ana. Ahakoa i hangaia ēnei katoa hei whakahaere i te whakawhiti raraunga i waenga i ngā taputapu, he rerekētanga nui kei roto i ā rātou tikanga whakatinanatanga me ngā horopaki tono.
Te tikanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te tere
Ka whakamahia e Modbus TCP te puranga kawa TCP/IP mō te tuku raraunga mā roto i ngā whatunga, me te whakawhirinaki ki ngā hanganga whatunga pēnei i a Ethernet hei whakatutuki i te tuku raraunga tere-tiketike me te tauine-nui.
Ko te Modbus RTU ia, ka tuku raraunga mā roto i ngā raina raupapa pērā i te RS-485 me te RS-232, he puhoi te tere tuku. Ko te tuku raraunga me ngā horopaki tono.
Ka whakakōpikopikohia e Modbus RTU ngā anga raraunga i roto i te whakatakotoranga rua-rua kiato, tae atu ki ngā āpure wāhitau, ngā waehere mahi, ngā raraunga, me ngā āpure taki. Ka tukuna pai tēnei whakatakotoranga i roto i te āhua rua-rua, kia pai ake ai mō ngā tono whakahaere wā-tūturu, ā-rohe rānei, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao kāore he hanganga whatunga, pērā i ngā pae aunoatanga ahumahi, ngā pūnaha tāmau, ngā whatunga pūoko, me ngā pūnaha whakahaere iti.
Ko te Modbus TCP ia, ka huri i ia paita o ngā raraunga rua ki tētahi aho hexadecimal mati rua kua whakaritea, ka honoa ngātahitia, ka tukuna ki te whakatakotoranga waehere TCP. Nā tōna māmā, tōna pono, me tōna whai huatanga utu nui, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha aunoatanga nui, ngā pokapū raraunga, te aunoatanga whare, me te Ipurangi o ngā Mea ā-ahumahi, e hiahia ana ki ngā tawhiti whakawhitiwhiti kōrero roa me ngā whakaritenga wā-tūturu me te pumau mō te tuku raraunga.
Herohe tono
I roto i te umanga hanga, ka whakamahia a Modbus hei hono i ngā taputapu whakaputa me te whakatutuki i te aroturukitanga me te whakahaere i te tukanga whakaputa i te wā-tūturu; I roto i te mara o te pūngao, ka whakamahia mō te whakahaere aunoatanga o ngā pūnaha hiko, tae atu ki te whakaputa hiko, te tuku, me ngā tukanga tohatoha; I roto i te umanga kawe waka, ka whakamahia a Modbus mō ngā pūnaha tohu tereina tāone, te aroturukitanga tūnga waka, me ētahi atu; I roto i te mara o te aunoatanga whare, ka whakamahia a Modbus ki ngā pūnaha HVAC, rama, me te haumarutanga i roto i ngā whare.
I te whanaketanga o te Ipurangi ā-ahumahi me te hangarau Ipurangi o ngā Mea, kei te auaha tonu a Modbus, kei te whakapai ake hoki kia urutau ki ngā āhuatanga ahumahi uaua ake, e huri haere ana. Hei tauira, kei te piki haere te rongonui o Modbus/TCP hei paerewa matua mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero Ethernet ā-ahumahi, ā, mā ngā taputapu kuaha e hangai ana ki a Modbus ka taea e ngā taputapu Modbus tuku iho te hono atu ki ngā whatunga hou, ka taea ai te rokiroki kapua me te tātari raraunga.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko Modbus, hei tikanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ahumahi kua pakari, kua whānuitia hoki te whakamahinga, kua kite i te ahunga whakamua o te hangarau aunoatanga ahumahi, ā, kua whakatakoto i tētahi turanga pakari mō te mātauranga ahumahi ā muri ake nei. Mā te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, ka whai wāhi tonu a Modbus ki te akiaki i te auahatanga me te huringa i roto i te wāhanga ahumahi.rānei.